Locating, inferring and evaluating meaning across unseen fiction and non-fiction.
- Retrieval
Skills: Locating explicit information in a text, Skimming and scanning for key details, Selecting the most relevant evidence, Summarising retrieved information in your own words
- Inference
Skills: Distinguishing what is stated from what is implied, Inferring meaning from a single clue, Inferring meaning by combining several clues, Supporting an inference with a precise quotation
- Language analysis
Skills: Identifying a writer's language technique, Explaining the effect of a specific word choice, Analysing connotation within a quotation, Commenting on how language affects the reader
- Structural analysis
Skills: Identifying structural features (openings, endings, shifts), Explaining why a writer orders information a certain way, Tracking how focus changes across a text, Linking a structural choice to its effect on the reader
- Evidence
Skills: Selecting the most relevant quotation for a point, Embedding a short quotation inside your own sentence, Explaining how a piece of evidence supports a point, Using more than one piece of evidence to build an argument
- Context
Skills: Identifying when and where a text was written or set, Explaining how context shapes what a text includes, Linking context to a writer's likely purpose, Using context to support an interpretation
- Authorial intention
Skills: Identifying what a writer wants the reader to think or feel, Distinguishing a writer's intention from the text's actual effect, Supporting a claim about intention with evidence, Discussing whether a writer succeeds in their intention
- Tone
Skills: Identifying tone from word choice, Describing tone using precise vocabulary, Explaining how tone is created, Tracking how tone shifts across a text
- Mood
Skills: Distinguishing tone (writer's attitude) from mood (reader's feeling), Identifying techniques that create mood, Explaining the effect of mood on the reader, Tracking how mood changes across a text
- Perspective
Skills: Identifying whose perspective a text is told from, Recognising a limited or biased perspective, Explaining how perspective shapes what is included or left out, Comparing perspectives across two texts
- Viewpoint
Skills: Distinguishing viewpoint from perspective, Identifying a writer's viewpoint on their subject, Explaining how viewpoint is conveyed through language choices, Evaluating how convincingly a viewpoint is presented
- Comparing texts
Skills: Identifying similarities and differences between two texts, Comparing the methods two writers use, Comparing the effect of those methods on the reader, Structuring a clear comparison paragraph
- Evaluating texts
Skills: Forming a personal judgement about a text, Supporting a judgement with evidence, Evaluating how effective a writer's choices are, Balancing strengths and weaknesses in an evaluation